TPT May 2010

V ol 23 N o 3

M ay /J une 2010

F eatures

84 Production of fittings, couplings and tubular joints Fittings, couplings and joints offer solutions to an extensive range of ordinary and specialised connecting applications and include reducers, unions, elbows, flanges and bulkheads among many other innovative products. As varied as the product line may be, these closely engineered pieces all have one thing in common: a precision fit, whether it is with gaskets, seals and rings or with the longer pieces.

90 Welding technology, equipment & consumables Welding is crucial to a smooth manufacturing process. The welded joint can be seen as the essential link in a structure but as materials are formulated for greater strength, corrosion resistance, and other performance factors, welding can become more challenging. Whether it is performed under water or in other liquids it is important that no adverse effect are felt on the weldment.

T echnical A rticle

105

Experimental and FEM investigation on influence of ring stiffeners on buckling behaviour of subsea pipelines under hydrostatic pressure H Showkati – Civil Eng. Department, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran R Shahandeh – Civil Eng. Department, Sama organization (affiliated with Islamic Azad university), Khoy branch, Khoy, Iran